Appendix A — Judge Quick Reference

A quick lookup table for the most common situations a judge will encounter. Always consult the full infraction text in the relevant section for procedure details and deviation guidance.

Situation	Infraction	Competitive	Professional
A player performs an illegal gameplay action	Game Rules Violation	Warning	Warning
A player resolves an effect incorrectly	Game Rules Violation	Warning	Warning
A player fails to maintain correct game state	Failure to Maintain Game State	Warning	Warning
A player ignores opponent’s illegal action	Failure to Maintain Game State	Warning	Warning
A player forgets a required trigger	Missed Trigger	Caution	Caution
A player sees cards they should not see	Looking at Extra Cards	Warning → AP1 (if severe)	Warning → AP1 (if severe)
Hidden/private cards become mixed	Hidden Card Error	Warning	Warning
Deck does not match decklist	Card Pool Contents Error	AP1 → Match Loss (if major)	AP1 → Disqualification (if major)
Decklist is illegal or incorrect	Decklist Error	AP1 → Match Loss (if major)	AP1 → Match Loss (if major)
Player presents deck incorrectly	Presenting Cards Error	Warning (tokens may be Caution)	Warning → AP1
Player shuffles improperly	Shuffling Error	AP1 → Game Loss (if advantage)	AP1 → Game Loss (if advantage)
Deck not sufficiently randomized	Insufficient Shuffling	Warning	Warning
Cards are distinguishable	Marked Cards	Warning → Match Loss (if advantage)	Warning → Match Loss (if advantage)
Draft rules violated (minor)	Draft Procedure Violation — Minor	Warning	Warning
Draft rules violated (major)	Draft Procedure Violation — Major	Match Loss	Match Loss
Player is late to match	Tardiness	AP1 (<1 min = Warning, >10 min = Match Loss)	AP1 (<1 min = Warning, >10 min = Match Loss)
Player gives incorrect public info	Communicating Incorrect Game Information	Warning → Game Loss (if advantage)	Warning → Game Loss (if advantage)
Player plays slowly (no intent)	Slow Play	Caution → Warning → Game Loss	Caution → Warning → Game Loss
Player receives outside help	Outside Assistance	Game Loss (downgrade possible)	Game Loss
Disruptive or disrespectful behavior	Unsporting Conduct — Minor	Warning	Warning
Severe disruption or harassment	Unsporting Conduct — Major	Game Loss	Game Loss
Extreme behavior or escalation	Unsporting Conduct — Severe	Disqualification	Disqualification
Player pressures opponent to concede	Improper Concession	Game Loss	Game Loss
Player exploits rules to trap opponent	Rules Sharking	Warning	Game Loss
Player delays to run out clock	Stalling	Match Loss	Disqualification
Betting on tournament outcomes	Wagering	Match Loss	Disqualification
Player offers incentive for result	Bribery	Disqualification	Disqualification
Player intentionally breaks rules for advantage	Cheating	Disqualification	Disqualification